Which of the following is a common effect of overexposure to radiation?

Overexposure to radiation can lead to a range of harmful biological effects due to its ability to damage cells and tissues. Hair loss and skin burns are well-documented consequences of exposure to high doses of radiation. These effects occur because radiation can cause damage to the rapidly dividing cells in the hair follicles and skin. When the skin and hair cells are affected, the body may respond with symptoms such as redness, blistering, and peeling of the skin, as well as hair loss in the affected areas.

In contrast, other options present effects that are either beneficial or do not occur as a result of radiation exposure. For instance, increased cognitive function, luminous skin, and enhanced immune response are not associated with overexposure to radiation. Understanding these biological responses is crucial for radiation safety officers who must recognize and mitigate the risks associated with radiation exposure.