What is the time it takes for a radioactive isotope to transform 50 percent of its atoms by radioactive decay called?

The term that describes the time it takes for a radioactive isotope to transform 50 percent of its atoms through radioactive decay is called half-life. This concept is fundamental in understanding the behavior of radioactive substances. During one half-life, the quantity of the radioactive isotope decreases to half its original amount due to the process of decay, which occurs at a constant rate characteristic of each isotope.

Understanding half-life is critical for various applications, including nuclear medicine, radiometric dating, and safety protocols involving radioactive materials. Knowing this concept allows professionals to calculate how long it will take for a substance to reach a safer level of radioactivity, which is essential in risk assessment and management. This knowledge also aids in determining storage and disposal methods for radioactive waste.