What is the purpose of isotope dilution in radiation safety?

Isotope dilution is an important technique used in radiation safety, primarily aimed at reducing the activity of radioactive materials to safer levels for handling. This method involves mixing a known quantity of a radioactive isotope with a non-radioactive isotope of the same element. By diluting the radioactive component with a stable counterpart, the overall radioactivity of a sample can be decreased, which in turn reduces the exposure risk to personnel working with radioactive materials. This controlled dilution allows for safer handling, minimizes potential radiation exposure, and facilitates compliance with safety regulations.

The goal is not the complete elimination of radioactive materials, which would render the material unusable for purposes that require radioactivity, nor is it to enhance or increase the potency of radioactive substances, which would counteract the intent of obtaining a safer working environment. Ultimately, isotope dilution serves as a critical tool in managing and mitigating radiation hazards in various applications where radioactive materials are present.