What is the most common type of radiation detection device used for personal monitoring?

The most common type of radiation detection device used for personal monitoring is the thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD). TLDs are widely utilized for monitoring individual exposure to ionizing radiation because they provide accurate dose measurements over extended periods. When exposed to radiation, TLDs trap electrons in a crystalline material. Upon heating, these trapped electrons are released, emitting light proportional to the amount of radiation exposure.

This feature makes TLDs particularly effective for personal monitoring in environments where radiation exposure may occur. They can be worn by personnel and are capable of providing cumulative dose readings, which is essential for assessing long-term exposure. Moreover, TLDs can be reused after processing, making them a cost-effective option for routine monitoring.

In comparison, other devices like the Geiger-Muller counter and ionization chamber are more commonly used for environmental monitoring or area surveys rather than personal monitoring. Although scintillation detectors are effective for certain types of radiation detection, they are less common for personal monitoring due to factors such as size, cost, and the need for more complex electronics and readout systems.