What does "decommissioning" refer to concerning a radiation facility?

Decommissioning in the context of a radiation facility specifically refers to the process of securing, decontaminating, and removing radioactive materials and any relevant structures or systems, rendering the site safe for unrestricted use or for future use that does not involve radioactive materials. This process is crucial as it ensures that all potential radiation hazards are mitigated, and that the environment is protected from contamination.

This involves detailed planning, assessing the types of radioactive materials present, determining the necessary actions for their safe removal, cleanup methodologies, and proper disposal methods. It also includes the monitoring and evaluation of the site post-decommissioning to confirm that all radioactive hazards have been adequately addressed, ensuring the safety of workers and the public.

In contrast, regular maintenance of the facility involves routine checks and updates to ensure safe operation but does not address the removal of radioactive materials. Expansion of the facility pertains to adding capacity, which again does not relate to decommissioning. Lastly, a temporary shutdown for inspections does not equate to decommissioning, as it involves operational pauses rather than the complete and permanent cessation of activities associated with the use of radioactive materials.